越智 萌|Megumi Ochi
刑事法から世界を見る|Watching the World through Criminal Law
越智 萌Assoc. Prof. Dr. Megumi Ochi
Introduction
越智萌(博士(法学))は、国際刑事法を専門とする学者であり法律家でもあります。現在、京都の立命館大学大学院国際関係研究科の准教授を務めています。2014年9月以来、学術的役割以外にも、国際刑法協会(AIDP)の編集員会のメンバーとして貢献するなど、学術的なネットワークや協力に積極的に参加しています。また、2016年10月からはケース・マトリックス・ネットワーク(CMN)のシニアフェローを務めています。
最近の研究は、国際刑事法、変革的正義、法源と標準、国内の戦争犯罪裁判、デジタル証拠の活用における哲学的および手続的問題の検討に専念しています。著作には、2冊目の単著『国際刑事訴訟法の原理:国際協力におけるプレミスの特定』などの出版物や、International Criminal Law ReviewやAsian Journal of International Lawなどの査読付き雑誌に掲載された論文などがあります。
Dr. Megumi Ochi, an academic and legal professional specialized in International Criminal Law, currently serves as an Associate Professor at the Graduate School of International Relations, College of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan. Beyond her academic roles, since September 2014, Dr. Ochi has been an active participant in academic networking and cooperation, contributing as a member of the Young Penalist Committee of the International Association of Penal Law (AIDP). Additionally, she holds the position of Senior Fellow at Case Matrix Network (CMN) since October 2016.
Dr. Ochi's recent research has been dedicated to the examination of philosophical and procedural issues in international criminal law, transformative justice, sources and standards, as well as domestic war crimes trials and the utilization of digital evidence. Her work includes publications such as her second monograph: The Rationales of International Criminal Procedural Law: Identifying the Premises in International Cooperation (in Japanese) and articles published from peer-reviewed journals such as International Criminal Law Review and Asian Journal of International Law.
Education
2011-2015
Ph.D. in Law
Osaka University (Graduate School of law)
Legum Doctor (Osaka, Japan)
2011-2012
LL.M.
Leiden University
Advanced LL.M. in Public International Law (Leiden, the Netherlands)
2009-2011
M.A.
Osaka University (Osaka School of International Public Policy)
Master of International Public Policy (Osaka, Japan)
2005-2009
B.A.
Osaka University (Osaka University of Foreign Studies)
Bachelor of Language and Cultural Studies (Specialization in International Relations, Swedish, Spanish) (Osaka, Japan)
Work Experiences
04/2020-present
Associate Professor
Graduate School of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University
10/2019-03/2020
Assistant Professor
Hakubi Center, Kyoto University
04/2019-09/2019
Senior Researcher
Hyogo Earthquake Memorial 21st Century Research Institute
10/2018-03/2019
Visiting Researcher
Graduate School of International Public Policy (OSIPP), Osaka University, Japan
04/2015-09/2018
Research Fellow (SPD)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
(Kyoto University, Japan)
PUBLICATIONS
Books
Megumi Ochi, Renata Barbosa, Luyuan Bai (eds) Victim-Centred Criminal Justice (Maklu, 2024)
Kyo Arai and Megumi Ochi (eds), War Crimes Trials in Ukraine: The Trilemma between Justice, Human Rights and National Defence (Shinzansya, 2024)(in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, The Rationales of International Criminal Procedural Law: Identifying the Premises in International Cooperation (Shinzansya, 2022) (in Japanese)
Renata Barbosa, Francesco Mazzacuva, and Megumi Ochi, eds., Contemporary Challenges and Alternatives to International Criminal Justice (Maklu, 2022).
Megumi Ochi, The System of International Procedural Criminal Law: The Premise Theory and the Principle of Ne Bis In Idem (Shinzansya, 2020) (in Japanese).
Articles
2024
Megumi Ochi, Towards a Transformative Reparation Process: The Communication Practice by the International Criminal Court in Megumi Ochi, Renata Barbosa, Luyuan Bai (Eds.) Victim-Centred Criminal Justice 217-243 2024
Megumi Ochi, The Other Side of the Human Rights Approach to the Reparation for Victims of Armed Conflict: The Coalition Between the Sword and Shield Function for Transformative Reparation, Japanese Yearbook of International Law 67 2024
2023
Megumi Ochi, “Impact on the International Cooperation with the International Criminal Court,” in Syuichi Furuya, Kuniko Ozaki, and Hitomi Takemura, eds, Global Impact of the Ukraine Conflict (Springer, 2023), pp. 409-430.
Megumi Ochi, “International Human Rights Standards in the Accountability of the International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO: INTERPOL): Based on the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files (CCF) Review of Red Notices,” The Ritsumeikan journal of international studies, 36(2) (2023), pp. 125-142 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Influence of Legal Basis of International Criminal Tribunals on Personal Immunity: Examination of Proposed ‘Special Court for the Crime of Aggression’,” The Ritsumeikan Journal of International Studies, 36(1) (2023), pp. 31-52 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “The Legal Consequences of Aggression: How to Hold the State and Leaders Responsible,” Jindo Kenkyu Journal 12 (2023), pp. 131-149 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Elements of the Local Osaka Ordinance that May be Relevant to Community Self-Regulation,” in Morten Bergsmo and Kishan Manocha, eds., Religion, Hateful Expression and Violence (Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher, 2023), pp. 885-902.
Megumi Ochi, “Is there an obligation not to cooperate with abolitionist States?: Noting the gaps in and potential of the Japan–EU Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters,” in Shin Matsuzawa, Anne Weyembergh and Irene Wieczorek, eds. Europe and Japan Cooperation in the Fight Against Cross-Border Crime: Challenges and Perspectives (Routledge, 2023), pp. 126-146.
Megumi Ochi, “Taking Illegal Amnesties Seriously: Threefold Approach to the Admissibility Test before the International Criminal Court,” International Criminal Law Review 23(4) (2023), pp. 580-602.
Megumi Ochi, “Expanding the Meaning of “Cooperation with the International Criminal Court (ICC)”: A Case in the Asia-Pacific Region,” The Ritsumeikan journal of international studies, 35(3) (2023), pp. 21-43 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, ‘The New Recipe for a General Principle of Law: Premise Theory to “Fill in the Gaps”’ Asian Journal of International Law, 13 (1) (2023), pp. 169-187.
2022
Megumi Ochi, “Current Status and Issues of International Criminal Legal Assistance between Japan and Taiwan,” in Banzai Hiroyuki ed., Japan-Taiwan Economic Exchange and International Law (Seibundo, 2022), pp. 109-184 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “The Principle of Orality and for Excluding Illegally Obtained Evidence in International Criminal Justice: Analyzing the Impact of the Premises of Core Crimes Prosecution on the General Principles of Criminal Procedure,” Ritsumeikan Journal of International Studies, 34(3) (2022), pp. 17-38 (in Japanese).
2021
Megumi Ochi, “General Principles of Law for Internal and Inter-jurisdictional Issues: The Two Faces of Ne Bis In Idem,” Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies, Vol. 20 (2021), pp. 57-76.
Megumi Ochi, “Principles Regulating Concurrent Investigations and Prosecutions in International Criminal Justice: Analyzing the Impact of the Premises of Core Crimes Prosecution on the General Principles of Criminal Procedure,” Ritsumeikan journal of international studies, 34(2) (2021), pp. 61-80 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Large-Scale Environmental Destruction by Corporate Activity as A Core International Crime,” International Review of Penal Law, 91(2) (2021), pp. 375-400.
Megumi Ochi, “The Principle of Prohibition of Trial in absentia in International Criminal Justice: Analyzing the Impact of the Premises of Core Crimes Prosecution to the General Principles of Criminal Procedure,” Ritsumeikan Journal of International Studies, 34(1) (2021), pp. 27-48 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “The Regulatory Scope of the Chambers on Prosecutorial Discretion in the International Criminal Court: Decision Pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute on the Authorisation of an Investigation into the Situation in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (5 March 2020),” Tokyo Review of International Law, No. 9 (2021), pp. 190-199 (in Japanese).
2019
Megumi Ochi and Saori Matsuyama, “Ethnic Conflicts in Myanmar: The Application of Law on Non-International Armed Conflict,” in Suzannah Linton, Tim McCormack & Sandesh Sivakumaran(eds), Asia-Pacific Perspectives on International Humanitarian Law (Cambridge University Press, 2019).
2018
Megumi Ochi, “Amnesty and the Exception of ne bis in idem in International Criminal Justice ―Reflecting the Concretization of ‘Combating Impunity’―”, International Public Policy Studies, Vol. 23(1) (2018), pp. 75-96 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Priority and Conflict concerning the Obligations to Extradite for International Crimes,” Law Review of Kansai University, Vol. 68, No. 5 (2018), pp. 143-188 (in Japanese).
2017
Megumi Ochi, “The Scope of Double Trial Prohibition in International Criminal Justice: A Research on the Contents of Ne Bis In Idem as a General International Law,” Nomos, No. 39 (2016), pp. 117-152 (in Japanese).
2016
Megumi Ochi, “The International Criminal Court’s Reparation Procedure in the Lubanga Case: The Restorative Justice’s Demand and the Significance in International Law,” International Public Policy Studies, Vol. 20, No. 2 (2016), pp. 31-46 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Gravity Threshold before the International Criminal Court: An Overview of the Court's Practice,” ICD Brief 19 (January 2016), pp. 1-16.
2015
Megumi Ochi, “Institutional Challenges in the Prosecutorial Regime of the International Criminal Court (ICC): From the Perspective of Redress for Violations of the Suspect’s Rights,” Journal of International Law and Diplomacy, Vol. 114, No. 4 (2015), pp. 123-148 (in Japanese).
2014
Megumi Ochi, “A Pluralistic Approach to Criminal Justice in Transitional Justice: Two Decades of International, Semi-International and National War Crimes Prosecution in the former Yugoslavia,” Journal of Multicultural Innovation, No. 1 (2014), pp. 141-168 (in Japanese).
Megumi Ochi, “Prosecutor v. Saif al-Islam Gaddafi (International Criminal Court (Pre-Trial Chamber I) Decision on the Admissibility, 31 May 2013),” Osaka Law Review, Vol. 64, No. 1 (2014), pp. 237-250 (in Japanese).
2013
Megumi Ochi, “Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) in the UN-led Peacekeeping Operations: The UN’s Role as an Employer and Regulator,” International Public Policy Studies, Vol. 18, No. 1 (2013), pp. 95-111.
Megumi Ochi, “The ne bis in idem Effect of ICC Judgment towards National Trials: The Obstructive and Promotional Factors in a Vertical Relationship” Osaka Law Review, Vol. 63, No. 1&2 (2013), pp. 127-148; 261-272 (in Japanese).
Book review
Megumi Ochi, “Sato Hiromi, Multilayered Structures of International Criminal Law (Springer, 2021)” Journal of International Law and Diplomacy, 121(1) (2022), pp. 96-100 (in Japanese),
Megumi Ochi, “David M. Crane, Leila N. Sadat and Michael P. Scharf, The Founders: Four Pioneering Individuals Who Launched the First Modern-Era International Criminal Tribunals,” (22) (2021), pp. 193-197.
Megumi Ochi, “Mohamed Elewa Badar, The Concept of Mens Rea in International Criminal Law: The Case for a Unified Approach,” Journal of International Criminal Justice, Vol. 11 (2013), pp. 933-936.
Translation
Keiko Ko and Megumi Ochi, “Claus Kreß and Leonie von Holtzendorff, ‘The Kampala Compromise on the Crime of Aggression’,” Journal of Law and Economics, Mie University, Vol. 29, No. 2 (2012), pp. 47-77.
Ph.D. Dissertation
Megumi Ochi, “The Regulation on the Overlap of Criminal Proceedings in the International Criminal Justice,” Graduate School of Law, Osaka University (2015).
LL.M. Dissertation
Megumi Ochi, “The Function of the Concept of Gravity in the Selection Process before the International Criminal Court” Grotius Centre, Leiden University (2012).
MA Dissertation
Megumi Ochi, “The Effect of ne bis in idem to Domestic Trials after the Judgment by International Criminal Courts: Judgment by ICTR and Rwandan Domestic Court regarding Bagambiki Case,” Graduate School of Osaka University (2011), Best Thesis
PRESENTATIONS
(in English)
2024
Megumi Ochi, "Creating War Crime Archives," VIII Kharkiv International Legal Forum, 24 September 2024
Megumi Ochi, "In Absentia War Crimes Trials in Ukraine," Seminar at University of Freiburg 8 August 2024
Megumi Ochi, "The Temporal Scope of Harm in the International Criminal Court’s Reparation Orders: Trans- and Inter-Generational Justice Perspectives," The 2024 annual conference of the International Association of Reconciliation Studies 3 July 2024
Megumi Ochi, "The Beneficiaries of Reparation for the Crime of Aggression before the International Criminal Court: A Transformative Approach," The 2024 Korea-Japan Young International Lawyers Workshop 25 March 2024
Araceli Turmo and Megumi Ochi, "Japanese and EU Approaches to the Limits of Prosecution," 2024 EU-JAPAN FORUM 7 March 2024
Megumi Ochi, "The Concept of Transformative Justice," Reparation for Peace: Transformative Approach to Compensate 14 February 2024
Megumi Ochi, "Digital Evidence in Ukrainian War Crimes Trials: Its Potential from Transformative Justice Perspective," Collecting Digital Evidence During Armed Conflict: Response to International Crimes in the Times of Hybrid Warfare 23 January 2024
2023
Megumi Ochi, “The Revival of General Principles of Law Recognized by ‘Civilized Nations’: Internationally Recognized Human Rights before the International Criminal Court “, Victim-centered International Law, Jan 7, 2023, Ritsumeikan University
2022
Megumi Ochi, “Elements of the Local Osaka Ordinance that May be Relevant to Community Self-Regulation,” Religion, Hateful Expression and Violence, Apr 9, 2022, The Centre for International Law Research and Policy (CILRAP).
Megumi Ochi, “International Norms to End Impunity and the New “Transformative” Alternatives Japan and Lebanon: Trajectories of Reconstruction, Mar 8, 2022, Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs (IFI) at the American University of Beirut (AUB).
Megumi Ochi, “The Changing Function of the “Internationally Recognized Human Rights” at the International Criminal Court,” Research seminar: At the Juncture of International Humanitarian Law and International Criminal Law, APU House, Beppu, Oita, Japan (Jan 8, 2022).
2020
Megumi Ochi, “Large-Scale Environmental Destruction by Corporate Activity as a Core International Crime “, Hakubi Day 2020, on zoom (Aug 30, 2020).
2019
Megumi Ochi, “Large Scale Destruction of Environment as Core International Crime,” XX International Congress of Penal Law 2019 - Criminal Justice and Corporate Business, Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali "Guido Carli" (Rome) (Nov 15, 2019).
Megumi Ochi, “Supplementing the Pitfalls of Japan-EU MLA Agreement on Death Penalty,” Core 2 Core Program Workshop: Current Problems of EU-Japan Cooperation in Criminal Matters, Waseda University (Tokyo) (Oct 31, 2019).
Megumi Ochi, "A Pragmatic Approach to the General Principles of International Criminal Law?: The Role of Asian Laws,” Asian Society of International Law, 7th Biennial Conference Manila, Philippines (Novotel Manila Araneta Center, 23 August 2019).
2018
Megumi Ochi, 'The Concept of International Procedural Criminal Law: Internationality of Institution or Jurisdiction Ratione Materiae?', the 6th AIDP Symposium for Young Penalists, “Revisiting the International vs Ordinary Crime Divide: A Turning Point for International Criminal Law?” (Kyoto University, 22 August 2018).
Megumi Ochi, "The Concept of International Procedural Criminal Law (IPCL)," 2018 Kyoto-NCCU Joint Student Seminar in International Law (Kyoto University, 12 June 2018).
Megumi Ochi, “International Procedural Criminal Law as a Legal System" Young Scholars Workshop on International Law with Professor Jean d'Aspremont (Kyoto University, 13 May 2018).
2017
Megumi Ochi, “A Modern Categorization of International Crimes,” 2017 Kyoto-SNU Joint Student Seminar in International Law (Kyoto University, Japan, 15 Dec 2017).
Megumi Ochi, “The Element of State Involvement in Crimes against Humanity: A Dichotomization of the Crime, Seminar on International Law (Kyoto University, Japan, 2 Nov 2017).
Megumi Ochi, The Protected Interests of International Core Crimes and their Impacts on States’ Obligations, 2017 NCCU-Kyoto Joint Seminar in International Law (National Chengchi University, Taiwan, 31 Oct 2017).
Megumi Ochi, Crystallizing Conception of ‘Fight against Impunity’ since Rome Statute: Interrelationship between Human Rights Courts and International Criminal Courts on Amnesty, International Conference: Righting Wrongs: Enforcing Human Rights, Administering International Criminal Justice (University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom, 10 Mar 2017).
Megumi Ochi, Regulation of the ‘Community of Courts’: The Potential of General Principles of International Criminal Law, Grotius Dialogue (Leiden University, 6 Feb 2017).
2016
Megumi Ochi, Diversity in Compliance with the International Criminal Courts, Seminar on international law and politics, Domestic Compliance with International Human Rights and Criminal Tribunals (Kyoto University, 6 Oct 2016).
Megumi Ochi, New Dimension to the General Principles of International Criminal Law: A Potential Regulator for Inter-jurisdictional Issues, 2016 CUHK-Kyoto Joint Student Seminar in International Law (Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 18 Mar 2016).
2015
Megumi Ochi, Different Procedures for Different Crimes: The Multi-layered International Obligations to Extradite, 2015 Kyoto-Seoul Joint Student Seminar in International Law (Kyoto University, Japan, 23 Dec 2015).
Megumi Ochi, Amnesties in the International Criminal Justice, STL-Kyoto University Joint Student Seminar in International Law (Peking University, Shenzhen, 20 May 2015).
(in Japanese)
2023
Megumi Ochi, “Consideration of the Basis for the Establishment of Special Courts and the Characteristics of their Authority,” International Law Seminar, Apr 15, 2023, Kyoto University
Megumi Ochi, “The Position of War Crimes Trials in the Midst of Ongoing Hostilities: Trilemma of War Crimes Trials in Ukraine,” 2022 International Humanitarian Law and Criminal Law Study Group Public Webinar Part 2 “War Crimes and Their Punishment in the Russia-Ukraine Conflict”, Feb 18, 2023
2022
Hiroko Kawaguchi and Megumi Ochi, “Toward Reparations for Victims After the Northern Uganda Conflict: Potential for Transformational Justice Through the International Criminal Court,” Japan Association for African Studies, May 22, 2022
2021
Megumi Ochi, “Independency of the International Criminal Procedure: The Impact of the "Internationally Recognized Human Rights" on the Interpretation of Jurisdictional Rules,” Japan Association of Penal Law, zoom, May 30, 2021.
2019
Megumi Ochi, “Legal Issues Concerning the Activation of the Crime of Aggression in the International Criminal Court: Form the Perspectives of the Law of Treaty,” Kobe Gakuin University (Hyogo) (Sep 5, 2019).
2018
Megumi Ochi, “Priority and Conflict concerning the Obligations to Extradite for International Crimes, Seminar on Criminal Law” Kansai University, Osaka (10 Jan 2018)
2017
Megumi Ochi, The Theory and Practice on Evidence as Reflected in the ICC Judgments and Decisions (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan, 7 Sep 2017).
2016
Megumi Ochi, Scope of Ne Bis in Idem Effect in International Criminal Justice, Japan Society of Criminal Law (Kansai University, Japan, 31 Jul 2016).
2015
Megumi Ochi, The Nature of the International Criminal Court's Reparation System: the Restorative Justice's Perspective in Observed in the Lubanga Appeal's Judgment, 27th Annual Conference of the International Human Rights Law Association Interest Group (Osaka Sangyo University, 22 Nov 2015).
2014
Megumi Ochi, International Law Framework on ‘Evidence Gathering' in Abroad, 92nd Criminal Law Society of Japan Annual Conference: Workshop (Doshisha University, 18 May 2014).
2013
Megumi Ochi, The Rights of the Suspects in the International Criminal Court Regime: In Vertical and Complementary Relationship with States, 116th Japan Society of International Law Annual Conference (Shizuoka Convention & Arts Center "GRANSHIP", 14 Oct 2013).